What is Sociology?

We as individuals have consistently been interested about the wellsprings of our own conduct. Endeavors to comprehend this depended on perspectives that were passed down from age to age. These thoughts were regularly communicated in strict terms or drew from notable fantasies, odd notion and customary convictions. The target and efficient investigation of human conduct and society is an ongoing improvement dating from the 1700’s. A key improvement was the utilization of science to comprehend the world and this methodology realized an extreme change in viewpoint and understanding.Just like material science, science, science and different controls, humanism rose as a major aspect of this significant scholarly procedure. The birthplaces of humanism were the arrangement of major developments introduced by the ‘two incredible revolutions’ of the eighteenth and nineteenth century Europe. These occasions changed the lifestyle people had kept up for a huge number of years . The French Revolution, 1789 denoted the thoughts and qualities, for example, freedom and correspondence, over customary social order.This was the Industrial Revolution, the wide range of social and monetary change that encompassed the advancement of new specialized development. This caused a deluge of vagrants causing a quick extension of urban territories, shaping new social connections drastically changing the substance of the social world. There were a couple of people who added to early sociological deduction; one specifically was a French creator, Auguste Comte (1798-1857) who really instituted the word ‘sociology’.He contended that humanism can and should contemplate society and social wonders following the examples and strategies of regular sciences. Another supporter was Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) and he had a more enduring effect on present day humanism than that of Comte. Some see Durkheim as the principal humanist to apply measurable strategies to the inves tigation of social marvels. All through his vocation, Durkheim was fundamentally worried about how society would keep up respectability and rationality in the cutting edge time, when things like religion could never again be assumed.His book Suicide (1897) is a very notable bit of writing. These humanist formed thoughts into how we could consider people and the world in which we live. Human science is viewed similar to the investigation of human social conduct and its starting points, advancement, associations and establishments. It is a sociology which utilizes different techniques for examination and is to build up a collection of information about human social activities, social structures and capacities. The customary focal points of social science incorporate social separation, social class, social versatility, religion, law and deviance.With all parts of human movement it is influenced by transaction between social structure and individual organization, which implies humanism, has step by step extended its concentration to additionally subjects, for example, wellbeing, web and political economy. There are two non-sociological clarifications of human conduct, naturalistic and singular clarifications. The naturalistic methodology propose that people act as a result of acquired manner; customized commonly, e. g. /race, parenthood, sex (etc.)We underestimate that all ladies are maternal and need to become moms and be much the same as their own moms yet this isn't generally the situation. The individual methodology is on that observes human conduct because of mental make-up of the unique individual, eg/individuals who end it all have their very own purpose behind doing as such. This people self destruction may not exclusively be an individual decision however may have other social variables related like religion. This is the thing that human science is tied in with, testing the obscure and taking a gander at things from an alternate point of view, â€Å"Soci ology defamiliarises the familiar† (Z.Baumen 1990 Thinking Sociologically p15)Sociologist take a gander at these practices from every single alternate point of view and difficulties what we accept to sound judgment hypotheses. To comprehend human reality social science endeavors to understand the human condition through examining the complex snare of human interdependency rather than the naturalistic or individualistic methodology. It upsets the ameliorating calm lifestyle by addressing what we for the most part underestimate. â€Å"It can be said that the primary knowledge of human science is this: things are not what they seem† (P Berger 1963 Invitation to Sociology p34)To accumulate data we utilize sociological techniques called quantative and subjective information. Quantative information is introduced as numbers and insights; large scale sociological point of view. This assists with going past close to home impressions and sentiments and is done as social overviews , surveys and organized meetings, e. g. /The Kinsey report on the sexuality of Americans (1948-1953) Qualitative information anyway is to disclose to us why and strategies utilized are normally talking with individuals to develop a comprehension of a respondents perspective instead of a summed up assessment on their behaviour.There is additionally member perception and this is watching somebody in their own condition and realizing what life resembles for them, e. g. /The Paulo Case. â€Å"Sociology manages a genuinely detectable topic, relies on exact examination, and includes endeavors to plan hypotheses and speculations that will understand facts† (Giddens Scope of Sociology p6) The utilization of ideas are expected to portray things precisely and accurately and to depict and address theoretical and insignificant social marvels, for example, independence, social class and globalization, etc.As you can see from this article social science is a significant report and without it we wouldn’t question human practices or the general public encompassing us. It causes us to increase a superior knowledge into what our identity is and why we are how we are and how others can affect all of us.

Essay on the Role of the Gods in Homers Iliad :: Iliad essays

The Role of the Gods in Homer's Iliadâ Â Â â If one holds the contemporary perspective on the Christian God then it might be hard to appreciate the activities and inspiration of the Greek gods. The Christian God doesn't will in general take such a functioning job in the undertakings of individuals' lives, where, then again, the Greeks respected direct association by the divine beings as a day by day, wild piece of life(Guthrie 17). Obviously, divine mediation was a significant variable in the condition of Homer's Iliad. The divine beings picked who they would support for various reasons, aside from Zeus.â As the image of preeminent power and equity, he makes careful decisions with respect to the next divine beings' association in the war, stays unprejudiced, and doesn't appear to become involved with picking top choices. In any event, when his own child, Sarpedon, was going to pass on, Zeus decided to release the result unaltered. Then again, Zeus' better half, Hera, showed the more common activities of a divine being. After Paris, a Trojan, made a decision about Aphrodite the most attractive over Hera, and, after her little girl Hebe was supplanted as cupbearer to the divine beings by a youthful Trojan kid, she was very angry towards Troy and its kin. Clearly, she favored the Greeks and would persevere relentlessly to communicate her will. Plotting and controlling, she even set out to deceive her better half, King of the Gods. Hera, alongside Athena, who was likewise ignored by Paris, is viewed as the central perfect guide to the Greeks. Being the divine force of the ocean, Poseidon was another solid supporter of the sea faring Greeks. At whatever point Zeus turned his back, Poseidon attempted to help the Greeks in the battle. Poseidon felt that he was fairly Zeus' equivalent, as his sibling, yet perceiving Zeus' power and experience, he looked to Zeus as a senior. There were likewise Gods who supported the Trojan side of the contention. Both Apollo and Artemis, twin sibling and sister, offered help to the city of Troy. Despite the fact that Artemis plays a somewhat minor job, Apollo, maybe maddened by Agamemmnon's refusal to recover Khryseis, the little girl of one of his clerics, and was continually changing the course of the war for the Trojans. Answerable for sending disease to the Greeks, Apollo was the main god to show up in the Iliad. Additionally, predominantly in light of the fact that Apollo and Artemis were on the Trojan side, their mom, Leto, likewise helped the Trojans.

How to Find the Cheapest Paper Writing Services

How to Find the Cheapest Paper Writing ServicesIf you are looking for the cheapest paper writing services then you need to consider how much they charge you. You need to be aware of your options so that you can find the best deal.Writing services have become a business now with an online presence and you need to find out who your choices are. They are more important than ever before now because they are used by more businesses than ever before. That is why you need to look into it today and find out how you can get the best of the best when it comes to finding the cheapest paper writing services.You can find cheap paper if you look into where you buy your products from. That is the easiest way to find out the best prices for your writing needs. The best companies will be easy to get your hands on so you can avoid paying too much.Some companies offer discounts to new customers. You should check into the prices for your contracts to see if there are any discounts for new customers. Tha t is something you should look into if you are new to the industry. You need to make sure that you do not waste money on a bad deal that will not allow you to write as good as you want to.Before you decide to go with a certain company, you need to see what they have to offer so you can determine the cheapest paper writing services to work with. Make sure that they offer a variety of templates and that you have an area that you can work with. You also need to consider that if they have different areas, there is going to be a charge for each one.Customizing your documents may take a little longer than other options and that is why you should take the time to check into this. Make sure that you do not have to pay extra for this since the companies know that you need this. You should also consider that you need to pay attention to all of the details so that you do not have to worry about anything coming up. They can often come up after you have started your document.If you need to send any forms or receipts, you should make sure that you have the cheapest paper writing services on your side. If you want to send out a bulk order then you need to go to one of the most important places that will be able to help you with this. They will not only offer you the best price but they will also find the best locations to put your paper for you.All you need to do is keep in mind where you can find the cheapest paper writing services. It does not matter if you are a new company or you are someone who has been in the industry for quite some time. You need to make sure that you do this today so that you do not pay too much for your services.

Hitlers Invasion on Russia - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 766 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Adolf Hitler Essay Did you like this example? According to R.G. Grant, an officer of the 24th Panzer division described how relentless the invasion of Russia was by stating, We have fought for fifteen days for a single house Already by the third day 54 Germans are strewn in the cellars, on the landings and stair cases (308). Hitler was relentless in his war tactics that spread through Russia during the Second World War and lead to his dominance throughout. Through strategies, devastating tactics, and realistic battle, Hitler was able to invade Russia during World War II. When Hitler went to attack Russia, he had a pre-invasion plan he had already talked about before going into the war. In the spring of 1940 they called an assembly for the officers, where it was announced there would be an attack on the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the spring of the 40s. As stated by Ivor Mantanle, At a briefing, Hitler announces he will be taking out every power of Russia. This non-aggressive pact was to buy the Germans time to defeat the rest of the west before turning east.(96) Hitler had always wanted to attack Russia, but he knew that he would need to take over Western Europe before heading eastward. Consequently, Britain did not fall as the other European countries had and through him underestimating Britain and its ability to recover from the war, Hitler began to fall. As Lees states, There remained the powerful British Navy Hitler was not fully committed to invading Britain. It would have been a distraction. Britain contained neither the space, nor the raw materialsneeded.(4) This confirms that Hitler underestimated Britain and the fact that he needed to take it over before trying to invade Russia. Later, the German groups were attacking Russian troops, trapping them, so when June approached, Hitler could launch the first attack by dropping bombs on the Russians airfields. Of course, the Germans thought the decision to invade Russia was a rational attack in pursuit of German self-interest, which would be good for their country. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Hitlers Invasion on Russia" essay for you Create order The scale of destruction that happened in this war was horrific, no matter how many death counts were calculated, how many buildings were destroyed, or any other terrible things that could have happened. According to Laurence Rees, In the whole of history, there has never been a war like it. In its scale of destruction(1) He is referring to where Hitler used about three-thousand-six hundred tanks and about seven hundred thousand horses in the invasion in Russia, along with large groupings of soldiers in this war. Through this annihilation of the enemy and merciless acts by the Germans or the Russians, both sides felt the massive destruction. For example, according to Rees One week into the German invasion, one hundred fifty thousand Soviet soldiers were either dead or wounded- more than during five months at the Battle of Somme.(9) This signifies Hitlers fast paced killing men in large numbers in a short span of time when other battles took months to claim the same amount of live s. In addition, by using tanks, soldiers, and horses, the Soviet Union was crippled as its broken country was divided with much of the territory lost and at least twenty-six million people dead. The realistic life of the war was a gruesome one where Hitler dominated over Stalin and his army in most cases. The Russians, at this point, had no escape with nearly three thousand captured by the ruthless Hitler army. At this point, it was mid-July and no one would give up, the Russians remained strong until the winter approached. During this time, the Russians would be able to have an advantage over the German army and Hitler, but according to Ivor Matanle, General Georgi created a defensive line and pushed the Russians back.(95) This would help Hitler gain time and momentum to decide that his plan of invading Britain was not the best one and the better plan would be to invade the Soviet Union because he knew their military plan. He was fully aware that this was the Germans best chance of winning the war in Europe. In summary, Hitler was able to invade Russia during World War II with complete devastation on his enemies through his use of keen military plans and the proper use of weapons. Although the Germans were unable to defeat Russia in this battle, Hitlers military leadership was considered one of the greatest commands of any army because of this invasion. In addition, through Hitlers inability to be discouraged, World War II will forever be considered one of the biggest and deadliest war in history.

Essay from Keziah Young ThePensters Writing Contest Winner (Part 2)

Part 1 of the essay Dear Elaine, one letter began, the days seem to fly by. I can scarcely believe it three months since we last saw one another. The lady I am staying with speaks very little English. We have been having the funniest conversations in which I believe neither really understands the other. You will be relieved to know I have also now learnt enough Chinese to ask directions. This is, as you can imagine, comforting knowledge, the only slight hiccup being I can’t quite understand their answers yet! But I smile and thank them of course, and go in the direction they point. Anyway, I have high hopes that my studying will pay off and soon have me involved in deeply intellectual discussions regarding grocery shopping, weather and perhaps even Tibetan monasteries†¦

Write an essay about how Owens poetry describes the...

Write an essay about how Owens poetry describes the plight of the soldiers. In many of Wilfred Owens poems, he describes the suffering and the agony of the common soldier during war, not only on the battlefront, but he also describes the after-effects of war and its cruelty. Owens poetry is inclined towards and elegiac nature with the function to arouse grief and to stimulate remembrance. Owen is usually best when the emotion of grief predominates over disgust in his poems and when tribute is paid to the men who died as cattle rather than when criticism is directly made to the perpetrators of war. Owen refers to his poems as elegies, but they offer no consolation to the readers, serving instead to warn them of the true†¦show more content†¦In the poem Inspection, Wilfred Owen describes how a common soldier is maltreated simply because he had been injured and his uniform was blood-stained. This injustice towards the soldiers suffering is evident in this poem where blood is de scribed as dirt. This shows how the soldiers agony is not appreciated, neither by the Officer, Owen himself. Owen recalls several incidents such as in the poem Conscious where he analyses the suffering of a soldier who is in bed. The poet describes as sudden evening blurs and fogs the air and the soldier becomes unconscious. In Dulce et Decorum est Wilfred Owen describes the agony an unidentified soldier passes through as he dies of mustard gas; the agony he passed through as he was guttering, choking, drowning, and while the blood / Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, / Obscene as cancer. But Owen doesnt only describe the physical suffering of the soldiers, the visible pain. No, Owen gives detailed description of the psychological torture the soldiers go through. This is clearly evident in the poem The Dead Beat where the poet picks out an incident where a soldier collapses, more sullenly than wearily out of mental exhaustion which crazed him. The mental anguish also comes from the burden of guilt the soldiers have to carry. The guilt of having killed someone; the guilt of having committed murder. This guilt isShow MoreRelatedRefugee Blues and Disabled Comparison (Almost Finished)2472 Words   |  10 PagesDisabled / Refugee Blues: A Poem Comparison Essay The subject of war and the loss of human life has had a deep influence on poetry of the first half of the 20th century. Many poets from around the world had felt the direct impact of earth-shattering wars and went on to express their opinions through their works. It was during wartime eras that the poems Disabled and Refugee Blues were written by Wilfred Owen and W.H. Auden respectively. Both of the given war poems are considered

Capital Budgeting

Answer 1: Calculation of project IRR: Initial Cash Flow: $3,000,000.00 Discounted Net Cash Flows at 19% Year Cash Flows PVF(@19 % PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.840336134 $924,369.75 2 $1,450,000.00 0.706164819 $1,023,938.99 3 $1,300,000.00 0.593415814 $771,440.56 4 $950,000.00 0.498668751 $473,735.31 $3,193,484.61 Discounted Net Cash Flows at 24 % Year Cash Flows PVF(@24% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.806451613 $887,096.77 2 $1,450,000.00 0.650364204 $943,028.10 3 $1,300,000.00 0.524487261 $681,833.44 4 $950,000.00 0.422973598 $401,824.92 $2,913,783.23 IRR= IRR = 22.46 % Answer 2: Calculation of NPV Year Cash Flows PVF(@15% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.869565217 $956,521.74 2 $1,450,000.00 0.756143667 $1,096,408.32 3 $1,300,000.00 0.657516232 $854,771.10 4 $950,000.00 0.571753246 $543,165.58 $3,450,866.74 Initial Investment = $ 3,000,000.00 NPV = $3,450,866.74 - = $ 3,000,000.00 = $450,866.74 Answer 3: The Company should accept this project as the NPV of the project is positive. The NPV in this case is $ 450,866.00. Also, the IRR is higher than the required rate of return. Answer 4: The depreciation is the expense that occurs every year to write off the plant and machinery. Basically, depreciation does not affect the cash flows, but in case of tax implication, the amount of depreciation is subtracted from the cash flow before subtracting the tax. Therefore, depreciation provides the tax benefits, which ultimately increases the amount of the cash flow (Peterson Fabozzi, 2004). Answer 5: Sunk Cost = Sunk cost refers to that part of the project costs, which have been incurred and there is no chance to recover them. Sunk cost is just opposite to the variable cost, because it does not change with the change in the proposed course of action. This cost does not take part in decision making process as there is no relevance in taking this cost and if taken, then it does not affect the decision. Examples of sunk cost are the research cost that has been incurred before the starting the project, staff training cost, advertising cost, etc. In the present case of Air Jet Best Parts Inc., the cost that has been incurred before purchasing the machine is regarded as the Sunk cost and it does affect the decision for purchasing the machine (Bierman Smidt, 2007). Opportunity cost: Opportunity cost refers to the benefit that is foregone, when another course of alternative is chosen. In simple words, when an alternative is chosen over other alternative, then the cost of choosing that alternative is called as opportunity cost. Example of opportunity cost in the present case is when the company accepts another proposal whose NPV is greater than the recent alternative having NPV of $450,866.74 and the benefit that the company will loose for not accepting the recent project is regarded as the opportunity cost (Bierman Smidt, 2007). Answer 6: Sensitivity analysis of the project In the present case, sensitivity analysis of the project has been done for different rates of returns. For this purpose 14%, 16% and 18% rates have been selected. NPV at 14 % Year Cash Flows PVF(@14% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.877192982 $964,912.28 2 $1,450,000.00 0.769467528 $1,115,727.92 3 $1,300,000.00 0.674971516 $877,462.97 4 $950,000.00 0.592080277 $562,476.26 $3,520,579.43 NPV (14%) = $520,579.43 NPV at 16 % Year Cash Flows PVF(@16% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.862068966 $948,275.86 2 $1,450,000.00 0.743162901 $1,077,586.21 3 $1,300,000.00 0.640657674 $832,854.98 4 $950,000.00 0.552291098 $524,676.54 $3,383,393.59 NPV (16%) = $383,393.59 NVP at 18 % Year Cash Flows PVF(@18% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.847457627 $932,203.39 2 $1,450,000.00 0.71818443 $1,041,367.42 3 $1,300,000.00 0.608630873 $791,220.13 4 $950,000.00 0.515788875 $489,999.43 $3,254,790.38 NPV (18%) = $254,790.38 Following graph represent the relationship between r and NPV. For analyzing the scenario, three possible cases of cash flows have been selected most likely, moderate and worst. In all cases, the probability of the cash flow is given below: Year Cash Flows Most Likely PVF(@15% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 $990,000.00 0.869565217 $860,869.57 2 $1,450,000.00 $1,305,000.00 0.756143667 $986,767.49 3 $1,300,000.00 $1,170,000.00 0.657516232 $769,293.99 4 $950,000.00 $855,000.00 0.571753246 $488,849.02 $3,105,780.07 Year Cash Flows Moderate PVF(@15% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 $880,000.00 0.869565217 $765,217.39 2 $1,450,000.00 $1,160,000.00 0.756143667 $877,126.65 3 $1,300,000.00 $1,040,000.00 0.657516232 $683,816.88 4 $950,000.00 $760,000.00 0.571753246 $434,532.47 $2,760,693.39 Year Cash Flows Worst PVF(@15% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 $770,000.00 0.869565217 $669,565.22 2 $1,450,000.00 $1,015,000.00 0.756143667 $767,485.82 3 $1,300,000.00 $910,000.00 0.657516232 $598,339.77 4 $950,000.00 $665,000.00 0.571753246 $380,215.91 $2,415,606.72 On analyzing the scenario in different conditions it can be concluded that in case of most likely situation there is total NPV of $ 105780.07 whereas in case of worst situation the NPV is $ 584,393.28. The NPV in this scenario is computed below: tablewidth="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1" Situation Probability NPV Total Most likely 0.25 $3,105,780.07 $776,445.02 Moderate 0.50 $2,760,693.39 $1,380,346.70 Worst 0.25 $2,415,606.72 $603,901.68 $2,760,693.39 There are many risks associated with the project, like market risk and specific risk. Market risk is the risk that arises with the change in the market prices. Examples of market risk are inflation in market, downfall in US dollar value and some other government intervention that leads to close the project. There are also some specified risks associated with this project, like if the expected cash flows are not generated according to the desired level and when whole project fails due to no demand in the market (Baker English, 2011). Task 5: Answer 1(a): The competitor chosen is Raytheon INC. that has issued Raytheon 7.2% having maturity date 15 august, 2027 and YTM of 4.16 % (Morning Star 2013). Let assumed that AirJet Best Parts Inc. has issued the bond having face value of $100.00 and coupon rate 7.2%. Therefore cost of debt is 4.16 %. Answer 1(b): Cost of debt (Bonds) = Current YTM of Bonds x (1-t) = 4.16 (1-.034) = 2.74 % Answer 1(c): Other method for calculation of cost of debt is as follows: (Pratt, 2003). Cost of Debt (Kd) = (Amount of Interest / Amount of debt) X 100 Also when there is premium or discount the cost of debt is as follows Cost of Debt (Kd) = Interest amount/ (Amount of debenture + Amount of premium) X 100 Cost of Debt (Kd) = Interest Amount/ (Amount of Debenture Amount of Discount) X 100 Answer 1(d): The coupon rate (based on the face value of the bond) determines the interest payment, but not necessary reflect the actual cost of the corporations debt. As the required return changes the price of the debt issue price also changes so that the actual interest payments and anticipated payments at the end gives the investors their revised required return (Pratt, 2003). Answer 2: Betas of the three competitors are as follows Competitors Beta Raytheon Co. 0.63 Lockheed Martin Corporation 0.6 Northrop Grumman Corporation 1.03 Source: Yahoo Finance Answer 2(a): Average of beta: (0.63+ 0.60 + 1.03)/3 = 0.75 Risk free return = 3%, Market return = 4 % Using CAPM model Expected return = 3 % + 0.75(4%-3%) = 3.75% Answer 2(b): Advantages of using CAPM model: It is one the easiest method to calculate the expected return of the equity. It considers only systematic risk that reflect that it assume real factors in computing the expected return. Disadvantages of using CAPM model: It assumes that market is stable. It also assumes individuals can borrow and lend freely at a risk less rate of return. Dividend growth model cannot be applied where company does declare any dividend or whose dividend per share is growing at a rate higher than cost of equity (Ke). This method also fails to deal with risk directly. On the contrary CAPM model has a wider approach as it deals with some restrictive assumptions. The main condition for using this model is that companys share is quoted on the stock exchange and all the variables in this model are market determined. Answer 3 (a): Current value of stock = $ 50.00 Dividend paid = $ 2.93 Face Value (assumed) = $ 10.00 n = 10 years (assumed) Cost of preferred stock: = 23 % Answer 3(b): The other method for calculating the cost of preferred stock is as follows Kp = Amount of preference dividend/ Preference share capital In adjustment case cost of preferred capital will change and can be calculated by following way:- Kp = D/ NP D = Annual preference dividend, NP = Net proceed = Par value of Pref. share capital discount cost of floatation Or NP = Par value of pref. share capital + Premium Answer 4: WACC = (0.3 x 2.74 %) + (0.6 x 3.75%) + (0.10 x 23 %). = 5.372 % Answer 5: Yes, company should use WACC for all the projects because of the following reasons: (Besley Brigham, 2008) This method is easy to use as compare to other methods. Same rate can be used for all the projects. No separate calculation is required to calculate the other project cost of capital as it cover all the capital invested in the business. Answer 6: Year Cash Flows PVF(@5.37% PV 1 $1,100,000.00 0.949036728 $1,043,940.40 2 $1,450,000.00 0.900670711 $1,305,972.53 3 $1,300,000.00 0.854769584 $1,111,200.46 4 $950,000.00 0.811207729 $770,647.34 $4,231,760.73 Yes, company should accept the project as the in this case the NPV of the project is $ $1,231,760.73 which is mush higher than the actual earning (Besley Brigham, 2008). References Baker, H. K., English, P. (2011). Capital Budgeting Valuation: Financial Analysis for Today's Investment Projects. John Wiley Sons Besley, S. Brigham, E. F. (2008). Essentials of Managerial Finance. Cengage Learning. Bierman, H., Smidt, S. (2007). The Capital Budgeting Decision, Ninth Edition: Economic Analysis of Investment Projects. Routledge Morning Star. (2013). Raytheon Company RTN. Retrieved 15 June 2013 from Peterson, P. P., Fabozzi, F. J. (2004). Capital Budgeting: Theory and Practice. John Wiley Sons. Pratt, S. P. (2003). Cost of Capital: Estimation and Applications. John Wiley Sons. Yahoo Finance. (2013). All data retrieved 15 June 2013 from

The Gender Differences in Negotiation Styles

Introduction Negotiation is one of the most skills in the corporate world. It is a skill that would be needed in every department of the firm. As Downs (2008) notes, an organization cannot move if it lacks individuals who are able to properly negotiate on its behalf. Internally, various departments may need to negotiate over various issues.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Gender Differences in Negotiation Styles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marketing department would need to convince the finance unit to allocate it enough finance to support various financial obligations it has to undertake. Similarly, the production unit would need a close coordination with the procurement and logistics unit on the flow of raw materials into the firm, and transportation of the manufactured products to the desired destinations. Individuals within the firm would also need to negotiate when they find themselves in competitive situations. Externally, organizations are involved in negotiations almost on a daily basis. The procurement unit must negotiate for quality raw materials at a cheaper price, while the marketing department would look for a better market for the firm’s product. It would require success from all the departments and individuals concerned for the organization to ensure overall success in its endeavors. Negotiation has seen a shift from what it used to be before. According to Adam and Healy (2000), unlike before when most negotiation’s ultimate end would be a win-lose situation, currently negotiations are aimed at a win-win scenario. Both parties involved should come out of the negotiation with what he or she desired, or a compromise that would be satisfactory to them. However, most discussions today still end in a win-lose situation, a fact that has seen many organizations focus on having the best team to negotiate their dealings. Both men and women comprise such team of negotiators. According to Fifield (2007) the society has changed from what used to be a highly patriarchal world, to a more liberal one where both genders feel equal to each other. Many women have since become as successful in the corporate world as men. Despite these positive changes, the two genders still exhibit differences in many set ups.Advertising Looking for research paper on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The notion that men are the dominant group over women is still held in various quarters. Many individuals still believe that men still have more authority than women in most of the decision making practices. Ward (1999) singles out Saudi Arabia where women have to seek permission from men before making serious decisions in life. Inasmuch as the Saudi case is extreme, many societies, even in the developed democracies still have a difficulty in accepting that the two genders are pr etty much equal when it comes to issues about decision making. In negotiations, both the genders have registered marked differences in their ability to make dealings that are beneficial to them. There have been divergent views as to which gender is more superior in decision making and what each uses to ensure that they are successful in their decision making processes. Different scholars have different ideas as to which of the two genders are better positioned to negotiate successfully for the firm. This paper seeks to investigate differences in negotiation between men and women. Literature Review Negotiation as a skill in the corporate world has raised a lot of concern from different quarters. This has seen scholars focus their attention to it. Of interest has been the difference in negotiation between the two genders. According to Weiss (1994) men are better placed to negotiate than women. This scholar says that men have the advantage of the perception the society has towards them . Many societies still believe that men are superior to women. For this reason, they have a strong basis to negotiate, as compared to women. Anderson (2004) supports this idea. According to this scholar, women are still chained by the manacles of inferiority that was placed on them by the society of the aging population. Although the current population is more liberal and treats both genders equally, it is still evident that women have remained the inferior sex. They get into the negotiation knowing that they would lose if they are to face a man.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Gender Differences in Negotiation Styles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The society has taught them to be submissive towards men, and this would be the mentality they transfer to such discussion. As such, they become more relaxed and prone to accepting the demands of the other party at their own expense. Bruce and Pepitone (1998) say that men are very aggressive and therefore better positioned to win negotiations. Men, unlike women, always believe in getting what they want. They would get into the negotiation table ready to grab any opportunity that would make him win the negotiation. They do not care what happens to the other party, and are less concerned if such success would break the good relationship that existed between them. Women are different, as Goel (2008) observes. This scholar says that women treasure relationships. They would rather lose the bargain but ensure that they retain positive relationship between her and the other party. As such, it would be easy to take advantage of them and win a negotiation over them. The moment negotiation becomes emotional, they would tend to relax and give in to the demands of the other party. This makes them less effective negotiators. Men are risk takers. In a negotiation, this is a very important skill. As Griffin and Moorhead (2009), negotiation requi res one to be a risk taker. They should be ready for any eventuality. According to these scholars, men would get on the negotiation table with a clear mind and ready to lose the anything but win the negotiation. Women behave contrary to this. Before anything else, their dignity matters. Anything that would jeopardize this would be avoided at all cost. When they get into the negotiation, they would always remember to be decorum and avoid scenarios that would make her be seen as too aggressive. This scholar refers to them as risk averters. When the debate gets too hot, they would rather be fence sitters, than face the whole process heads up. However, other scholars have had different opinion to the above scholars. These scholars believe that women are better negotiators than women.Advertising Looking for research paper on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Wong (2000), women are better listeners. They would take their time to listen to what the other party is saying. They would internalize it before coming up with its response. This makes them better party in a logical argument. Should they be faced by an individual who is in a rush to reach conclusion, she can use the other parties own words to win the negotiation. Frankfort-Nachmias and Nachmias (1992) agree with this scholar. They say that men are always in a rush. They want things done their way, but in a quick-fix manner. As such, they may make binding statements that can easily be used against them. They would lose the negotiation not because they are not good negotiators, but because are always in a rush to win the debate. Fisher, Ury and Patton (1991) argue that with the focus of negotiation changing to a win-win process, women stand a better chance of winning a negotiation than men. Women would always get into a negotiation with the aim of building relationships. They treasure relationships so much and their ultimate goal is to develop a bond that would last for a long period. Men on the other hand, aim at winning the negotiation at all costs. This would be at the expense of the good relationship that would have been developed if both parties were to leave the negotiation table satisfied. Lewicki, Barry and Saunders (2009) support this idea. They say that the current world needs a sustainable relationship with other firms if they are to succeed in the operation. The world is changing from antagonistic kind of competition to a collaborative competition. Firms need to cooperate with each other. Internally, departments and individuals must work collaboratively if they expect good results from their combined force. The moment one party manipulates the other and emerges the winner in a negotiation, trust would be lost, and the party that lost the negotiation would avoid any activity that would bind it to the other party. If this happens within t he firm, it would risk a stalemate as there would be no cooperation. If this was between one firm and another (supplier or the customer), the relationship would be broken completely and there would be no chance of developing any gainful relationship. Women have one feature that Ury (1991) observes that may make them win many negotiations. According to this scholar, women are ‘flowery’, a fact that has seen them easily win some tough debates. This scholar says that debates are not won through tough talking and commanding voice. However, it is won by wining one’s heart, by making one relax his or her stand, by making an individual be able to let go some of the demands he or she had, and letting them appreciate that there is need to have both parties satisfied with the outcome of the negotiation. Men lack this ability by nature. They would like to be seen as the superior party, always pushing their agenda without paying attention to the needs of the other party. Thi s may only have the effect of intimidating the other party, and if the other party fails to get intimidated, then possibilities of the discussion running into a stalemate is very high. A woman on the other hand, will come with a calm disarming voice that would make the other party drop his guard. At such circumstances, it would be easy to manipulate the other party, but because they always have the need to develop lasting relationship in their mind, they would ensure that they have as much as they think the other party should have. Discussion Negotiation is a very important tool in the current society. The ability to negotiate over various issues is one of the most important tools that an organization must have in the current corporate world. The corporate world has gotten more competitive. In every sector, there is competition. Even organizations that were previously thought to be immune to competition like non-profit making organizations currently find themselves in a neck break c ompetition. They are competing to position themselves as the better providers of the services they provide in order to win the heart of the financers, and the acceptance of the receivers of their service. As such, negotiation is a tool that cannot be neglected at whatever cost, irrespective of the organization, or at a personal level. Both men and women are differently positioned to win a negotiation based on different factors. Without considering other factors that both genders may have in common for example age, education level, income level, experience in the concerned field, authority commanded, and such other factors, the two genders would have different capabilities to negotiate. They both have some inherent characteristics that would make them pass as either poor negotiators or otherwise. Men as Successful Negotiators Men for a long period have been the dominant gender. In a negotiation process, there are several characteristics that would be required of a negotiator is they are to win the negotiation. One such characteristic is emotional control. Men are able to control their emotions. In a discussion, at times tempers may rise during the deliberation. One party would feel that the other is deliberately avoiding the focus of discussion and shifting to irrelevant things that would yield them unfair advantage. In such cases, tempers may rise and heated exchanges may arise. This is a very delicate process that requires deed emotional control if the process is to be ultimately successful. Men are able to control, and then compose themselves, ready for a successful process to be started. This is contrary to what women would do. Should such serious exchanges occur, and in case the exchanges involved abusive language or actions, they would completely be withdrawn to themselves, and it would be nearly impossible to bring them back to the negotiation again. Men believe in themselves. This is a very important tool in a negotiation process. In a negotiation, the most important thing is to make the other party convinced that one’s argument is correct and beneficial to all. To make the other party believe that what one is saying has validity and that it is not a wild guess or a trial and error kind of a thought. To achieve this, there is need to demonstrate to the other party that one has a deep understanding of the issue at hand and that what he or she is talking about is an assurance on its own. This would call for confidence on the side of the negotiator. As Watkins (2002) says, other people should be able to read confidence in the face and speech of the negotiator. They should be convinced that what is being put forth has the benefits they claim to offer. Women are a little poor in this as compared to men. They would appear timid, or in some cases, a little in doubt. If subjected to tough questions, they can easily lose focus of the discussion because they lack composure. This would make them vulnerable. Men are risk takes, as note d in the above review of literature. As such, they stand better chance of engaging in discussion that may appear to harbor some risks in case one looses the discussion. They are persevering and easily forgiving. This puts them at a better chance of winning a debate. Men as Poor Negotiators Men may also pass as poor negotiators. One main undoing of men in a negotiation process is their attempt to emerge the winner at whichever cost. This may involve becoming manipulative, a fact that may make the other party harden their stance. Anyone would want to be tougher if they realize that the other party in a negotiation is trying to be manipulative. They would make the conditions harder and this would break up the entire negotiation process. Men also lack patience. In a negotiation process, an individual should exercise some degree of patience and be willing to listen to the other party if both are to meet at a compromise. Women as Good Negotiators Women are becoming more and more relevant in the corporate world. They have been considered as better negotiators than men because of their ability to give other parties a listening ear. This is a very important tool in winning a negotiation. Women has the ability to be patient and listen to what the other party has to say. This would ensure that they absorb and weigh the other party’s basis of reasoning against their own. This would ensure success in the discussion in the discussion because they would try to be rational in the entire process of discussion. The other party would see that this party is making an effort to make the process a success, and they would try to reciprocate. The ultimate result would be a success in the entire process. The corporate world currently requires a collaborative approach to discussion. In a negotiation, there is need to have both parties satisfied with the outcome in order to build a lasting relationship. Women are better position to do this because they always approach such discus sions with open minds. They always aim at building relationship in such discussions; their discussions would always result in a lasting relationship with the other party. Women as Poor Negotiators Although they exhibit good negotiation skills, women have some characteristics that may see them pass as poor negotiators. One such characteristic is that they are emotional. They may take issue at personal level during negotiations. They can easily get emotional during the process of negotiation, thereby breaking the whole process of communication. Women are also not assertive. In most of the cases, they lack self confidence that would see them win such discussions. Conclusion Negotiation is one of the most important tools in the corporate world. Individuals need this skill in order to succeed in various aspects of life. In the set up of an organization, negotiation would be needed both within the organization and outside. There has been a shift in the approach to negotiations. Unlike bef ore when negotiation was a win-lose scenario, current negotiations would always end in a win-win situation. Men and women have different capacities to communicate. They both have their weaknesses and their strength that make them either poor communicator. As at now, it would be true to say that on a comparative basis, men are better negotiators than women. However, with the shift moving to the need to create a lasting relationship from the negotiation, women would stand a better chance of being better negotiators for they always have in their mind the need to develop relationship from such discussions. References Adam, F. Healy, M. (2000). A Practical Guide to Postgraduate Research. Dublin: Blackhall Publishing. Anderson, P. (2004). Research Methods in Human Resource Management, Chattered London: Institute of Personell Management Publishing. Bruce, A. Pepitone, J. (1998). Motivating Employees. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Downs, L. (2008). Negotiation Skills Training. New Y ork: American Society for Training and Development. Fifield, P. (2007). Marketing Strategy: The Difference between Marketing and Markets. Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann. Fisher, R., Ury, W. Patton, B. (1991).Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In, Issue 4. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Frankfort-Nachmias, C. Nachmias, D. (1992). Research Methods in the Social Sciences. London: Edward Arnold. Goel, D. (2008). Performance Appraisal and Compensation Management: A Modern Approach. New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Griffin, W. Moorhead, G. (2009). Organisational Behaviour: Managing People and Organisations. Mason: Cengage learning. Lewicki, R., Barry, B., Saunders, D. (2009). Negotiation. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Ury, W. (1991). Getting Past No: Negotiating Your Way from Confrontation to Cooperation. New York: Bantam Books. Ward, K. (1999). Cyber-ethnography, and the emergence of the virtually new community. Journal of Information Technology. 14: 9 5-105. Watkins, M. (2002). Breakthrough Business Negotiation: A Toolbox for Managers. New York: John Wiley Sons. Weiss, R. (1994). Learning from Strangers: The Art and Method of Qualitative Interview Studies. New York: The Free Press. Wong, R. (2000). Motivation: A behavioural Approach. New York: Cambridge University Press. This research paper on The Gender Differences in Negotiation Styles was written and submitted by user Giselle H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Han to Roman comparison essays

Han to Roman comparison essays Though on the surface, the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty seem very different, they have a surprising number of similarities. Their differences are in a broad range of categories. First of all the Hans were for the most part ethnically homogeneous, whereas the Roman Empire extremely heterogeneous in makeup. The Hans had an emperor who had theoretically absolute power, but in reality was in great check by high officials and Imperial families. In contrast, the Roman Empire consisted of a Republic, which for the most part would be considered an oligarchy by todays standards. Later in its life, Rome was changed to an empire by Octavian. The Hans deemed their leader as the Son of Heaven, but the Romans had only a small percentage, mostly in Egypt, where the Emperor was worshiped as Pharaoh, or son-of-god. A great and successful effort in China was put into the creation of complex irrigation systems which resulted in many agricultural advances for the Chinese. However, no real effort was put forth in Rome to bring about any real irrigation in their empire. The Hans had a system of land division with landl ords and tenants, whereas Rome simply brought in slaves from their conquered lands. In the Han Dynasty, a great prejudice was put against merchants, whereas in Rome, merchants were simply thought as a second-rate occupation. Han and Roman connections can be seen when you look deeper into each society. Both the Chinese and Romans were constantly invaded by northern invaders. Each set up a series of walls to keep out these invaders. Neither civilization set up any sort of line of succession, causing short scuffles over transitions of power. Each of the Empires strangely enough covered approximately the same amount of land, the Hans: 1.5 million square miles; and the Romans: 1.7 million square miles. Each society had a great military to protect their great empires. Though the Romans followed Christianity fo...

PLO and Hamas achieved the Palestinian national aspiration Research Paper

PLO and Hamas achieved the Palestinian national aspiration - Research Paper Example Hamas challenged PLO’s political agenda for Palestinian national territory and secular nationalism, in effect taking over the original Palestinian national aspiration, traditionally associated with the PLO, and situating them in an Islamic perspective. By appealing to an Islamic national aspiration, Hamas successfully merged everyday issues and religious dogma.     A conflict, growing over time, between Hamas, the PLO, and particularly Fatah, has continuously disrupted the realization of the Palestinian national goals of these organizations. Hamas firmly declined the proposals of Fatah and the PLO, wanting instead to build and legitimize itself as a political substitute. The conflict between the PLO and Hamas reached its climax during the alleged Madrid process—a chain of bilateral compromises between those with territorial demands and Israel.   Hamas’s doctrine recognizes the PLO as an â€Å"ally, father, brother, relative, friend† and Hamas prevent ed a military conflict with Fatah in the past. Hamas, under the headship of Sheikh Yasin, firmly condemned internal strife between Palestinian political groups for this would merely strengthen the position of Israel and undermine the Palestinian national aspiration.  Ã‚   From the very beginning, Hamas was unsure about the PLO, expressing, on the one hand, allegiance to its political autonomy and ideological identity and, on the other, a concern for coexistence.   The effort of Hamas to sustain a harmonious relationship with the PLO.... The conflict between the PLO and Hamas reached its climax during the alleged Madrid process—a chain of bilateral compromises between those with territorial demands and Israel.3 However, Hamas’s doctrine recognizes the PLO as an â€Å"ally, father, brother, relative, friend†4 and Hamas prevented a military conflict with Fatah in the past. Hamas, under the headship of Sheikh Yasin, firmly condemned internal strife between Palestinian political groups for this would merely strengthen the position of Israel and undermine the Palestinian national aspiration.5 From the very beginning, Hamas was unsure about the PLO, expressing, on the one hand, allegiance to its political autonomy and ideological identity and, on the other, a concern for coexistence.6 The effort of Hamas to sustain a harmonious relationship with the PLO, and eventually with the PA, revealed its political flaw with regards to the rising local, regional, and global support for the peace process between t he PLO and Israel.7 It was this idea of the weakness of its status that pushed Hamas to attempt to build an agreement with the PLO that would provide it with the opportunity to strengthen its capability and influence and boost its ranks. Moreover, its pursuit of organizational autonomy and identity encouraged Hamas to look for ways to frustrate the move of PLO toward suppression and hegemony. Literature Review The references used in this paper are both primary and secondary. The author used textbooks, peer-reviewed journal articles, newspapers, and magazines. The best primary references that are used in this paper are Mkhaimar Abusada’s Palestinian Party Affiliation and Political Attitudes toward the Peace Process, Omri Arens’s and Edward

American Apparel Unwrapping Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Baskerville Murder Essay Example for Free

Baskerville Murder Essay Murder mystery tales are among the most popular book genre. Murder mysteries will usually consist of an unknown murder that killed a significant character. The detective has to decide among many suspects with clues he or she found in the course of the book. Authors typically write books of this genre because they give the reader a feeling of suspense and confusion as they read the story. It keeps them guessing and switching their opinions as new facts are read. In The Hound of the Baskervilles by Arthur Conan Doyle, protagonists, Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson meet many people involved while trying to find the murderer of Sir Charles Baskerville, as said to be a mythical demon hound. Although there are many subjects in the case of the murder, Dr. Mortimer, The Barrymores, Jack Stapleton, and Roger Baskerville. Dr. James Mortimer is a medical practitioner. He is described as tall, thin, and good-natured with rather eccentric habits. He is the first suspect Holmes and Watson meet and the person to tell them about the case. He is possibly the murderer because he was in charge of Sir Charles will when he died. He could of manipulated the will to his own use. By killing Sir Charles the will follows whatever he would of made it. He challenges Holmes in the intro of the story to solve the case. He also owns a dog as shown on the carriage when him, Henry and Watson were headed to Baskerville Hall and discovered by the bite marks of his cane. Its possible that Mortimer could of used his dog and disguised him as the hound to scare Charles at a distance. He is also a close acquaintance to the Baskervilles so he knows a lot about the family that he could of used fro his plans. His information on Sir Charles’ condition at the time is explained when Mortimer said, â€Å"Within the last few month s it became increasingly plain to me that Sir Charles’s nervous system was strained to the breaking point† (Doyle, 43). With this information he could had literally â€Å"scared him to death† with any means that would relate to the hound’s curse. Mr. and Mrs. Barrymore are servants to Sir Charles and Henry. Mr. Barrymore is described as tall, thin and has a black beard. They are very close to the Baskervilles since their family served them for generations. Their motives could be after their wealth or maybe on the inside they are sick of serving them. The hound of legends could have been the Barrymores who served Hugo Baskerville and they were tired of a life of servitude. This hound could of went on from generation to generation. Supposedly, Holmes and Watson first seen Mr. Barrymore when they were chasing a man in a van and the driver described him as a short man with a black beard. When Watson and Henry arrive at Baskerville Hall, Mr. Barrymore says he and his wife would leave the hall soon because of Charles’ death and its too painful of them. As for Mrs. Barrymore, Watson says during the first night, â€Å"And then suddenly, in the very dead of the night, there came a sound to my ears†¦ It was the sob of a wo man, the muffled, strangling gasp of one who is torn by an uncontrollable sorrow† (Doyle, 159). The crying indeed comes from Mrs. Barrymore, which could have been caused, as Watson predicts, a haunting memory. Its possible the letter they received could also have something to do with the case. Jack Stapleton is a short man and a naturalist. He lives in the outskirts away from the other neighbors and the Baskerville Hall. He lives with his sister, Beryl and two servants. He became a suspect because Mortimer told Holmes and Watson that he knows the ins and outs of the moor. Watson first meets him when he came up to Watson and began a conversation. Oddly enough, he was interested in what Holmes and Watson thinks of the case and murder so far. After a few days with Stapleton, Watson believes something is not right about Stapleton and that he is masking his true colors to him. His motives could be that he is after the fortune of the family and only wants to be rich. When Beryl came to Stapleton and Watson while they finished their conversation, she said, â€Å"Go back! Go straight back to London, instantly Go away from this place at all costs! Hush, my brother is coming! Not a word of what I have said† (Doyle, 183). Thinking Watson was Henry, se gave him a warning, but s aid not to tell Stapleton. She later explains that he doesn’t want Henry to leave because the people need someone, but Watson is well aware she is hiding something. If Stapleton was the killer, he must be a master of disguise. When the driver described the man as short and with a black beard, Stapleton could of easily put on a fake beard and mislead the duo. He would also have access to Henry’s hotel room and take his shoes and he could of disguised himself as the hound. Roger Baskerville was the â€Å"black sheep† of the family when Hugo Baskerville was the owner. He is the son of Hugo and the brother of John. Mortimer states that he escaped to Latin America because he was an outcast and disgrace to the family. Interestingly enough, he never states if he died while there. Roger could of came back for revenge and would kill every Baskerville so he would be the only heir left. If he did survive and he came back, he is hiding somewhere from the people. What’s difficult is that anyone could be him because its unknown what he looks like. As Mortimer and Henry travel to Baskerville Hall, they were stopped and Perkins told them, â€Å"There’s a convict escaped form Princetown, sir. He’s been out for three days now, and the warders every road an every station, but they’re had no sight of him yet† (Doyle, 146). Roger could be the convict, Selden, and killed Charles before or after he was thrown in prison. Mortimer, the Barrymores, Stapleton and Roger Baskerville are the most likely suspects to the killer. Out of the four Stapleton could be the killer because he is more mysterious than the others and the fact he knows the moor makes him the prime suspect. Overall, mystery books are interesting because as the reader continues the story, his or her opinion will keep changing and gives the reader the suspense of who the person is. The Hound of the Baskervilles is one of many excellent mystery novels.

Blue Crush Film Review :: essays research papers

Striving for Respect â€Å"These waves are for the big boys†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My film review is on the movie Blue Crush for my topic â€Å"Women competing with the men.† The movie is directed by John Stockwell and is written by Lizzy Weiss. The basic for the movie is that the main character Anne Marie is a surfer trying to make it big and become sponsored. She has to earn the respect of her friends, herself and the respect of the men surfers who ride the pipeline. She has to overcome her fears and conquer her own limits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anne Marie’s goal is to become a big wave surfer and to do that she needs to conquer her fears and overcome the critics who say a girl can’t ride the big waves like the boys. Anne Marie has many obstacles to overcome through the movie. First she has to take care of her little sister Penny, second she has to make money to pay rent, and third then she has to work and train for the Pipe Masters surf competition. Besides her obvious goals she has to earn the respect of herself to surf with the guys. A quote from the movie is when a guy surfer Eden says to Anne Marie:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"These waves are for the big boys.† (Blue Crush 2002) This shows that the men don’t think she can compete on the same big waves as they do. At one point in the movie when she goes out to try and prove herself to the guys, they clear the wave so that she can take it. She hesitates and doesn’t take the first couple waves. Her fear overcomes her and she looks weak in the eyes of the guys. The fear of failure is the driving force in what holds her back in become a great surfer period. It's not holding her back just in the female surfing world but the male and female surfing world as a whole.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A strong moment in the film is where she gets the nerve to test the big waves with the guys and before she goes out to the beach she runs into her ex-boyfriend. He obviously doesn’t think she can hang with the guys and questions her:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drew: You really think you can surf it for real out there? Anne Marie: Well, Drew, I dated you, I guess I can do anything. (Blue Crush 2002) This shows how she rises to the occasion in face of the guy telling her she can’t do it.

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Carrier Intelligence Report Deutsche Post DHL March 2013 Table of contents Key financial figures Key stakeholder figures Macro environment Market & consumers 3 4 5 6 Corporate & media Governance & strategy Quarterly performance Corporate performance Business units 7 8 9 10 11 â€Å"Thanks to our presence in the world’s growth markets, the DHL divisions performed particularly dynamically in financial year 2012 and played a key role in increasing our consolidated revenue† Dr.Frank Appel, CEO Operations Human resources Corporate responsibility Acquisitions & divestments Product launches 12 13 14 15 16 Key press releases Outlook & targets 17 19 Key financial figures Express division boosts revenue by 9. 5% in 2012 Income Statement Total revenue EBIT margin Net profit margin Staff costs to revenue ratio Balance Sheet Total non-current assets Total current assets Total quity Total non-current liabilities Total current liabilities Current ratio Return on capital employed Geari ng ratio Cash flow Net cash flow from operating activities Net cash flow from investing activities Net cash flow from financing activities Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Revenue by division Mail Parcels & Express Logistics & Freight EBIT by division Mail Parcels & Express Logistics & Freight 2010 53,605. 0 3. 4% 4. 9% 31. 0% 2011 54,879. 0 4. 4% 2. 3% 30. 5% 2012 57,680. 0 4. 6% 3. 1% 30. 8% Change 5. 1% 0. 2 0. 9 0. 3 LCU, m % % % LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m % % 24,493. 13,270. 0 10,696. 0 13,844. 0 13,223. 0 1. 00 7. 5% 56. 4% 21,225. 0 17,183. 0 11,199. 0 8,587. 0 18,622. 0 0. 92 12. 3% 43. 4% 21,832. 0 12,289. 0 12,164. 0 9,332. 0 12,625. 0 0. 97 12. 4% 43. 4% 2. 9% -28. 5% 8. 6% 8. 7% -32. 2% 0. 05 – LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 1,927. 0 8. 0 (1,651. 0) 284. 0 2,371. 0 (1,129. 0) (1,547. 0) (305. 0) (203. 0) (1,697. 0) 1,199. 0 (701. 0) – LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 13,822. 0 10,788. 0 26,707. 0 13,877. 0 11,309. 0 27,578. 0 13,874. 0 12,378. 0 29,209. 0 0. 0% 9. 5% 5. 9% IPC Statistical Database LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 148,066. 0 88,384. 0 614. 0 147,434. 0 85,496. 0 802. 146,923. 0 84,623. 0 928. 0 – Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2010-2012, IPC analysis Note: Change represents year-on-year development from 2011 3 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Key stakeholder figures Share price up by almost 40% over 2012 Shares Share price, year-end Earnings per share Human resources Average full-time equivalents Average part-time employees Women in management Absenteeism rate EOS response rate Total employee satisfaction Employee engagement Customer index Business customer satisfaction Consumer satisfaction Sustainability Total CO2 emissions LCU LCU 010 12. 09 2. 10 2011 11. 88 0. 96 2012 16. 6 1. 37 Change 39. 7% – % % % 421,274 63,126 17. 0% 7. 4% 79. 0% 73. 0 67. 0 423,348 65,322 17. 6% 7. 4% 80. 0% 76. 0 n/a 428,287 62,523 18. 5% 7. 6% 80. 0% 76. 0 n/a 1. 2% -4. 3% 0. 9 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 n/a n/a n/a 95. 0 n/a 96. 0 1. 0 t 28,400,000 28,200,000 n/a Retail network Wholly-owned retail outlets Contracted retail outlets Delivery performance Domestic letter quality performance (D+1) Domestic letter quality USO requirement (D+1) Domestic parcel quality performance Domestic parcel expected business-day delivery Domestic letter and parcel ratesStandard letter, 0-20g Standard letter, 20-50g Economy parcel, 2-3kg 2 19,998 2 19,998 n/a n/a % % % % 95. 4% 80% n/a n/a 95. 4% 80% n/a n/a n/a 80% n/a n/a 0. 0 â‚ ¬ â‚ ¬ â‚ ¬ 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 0% 0. 0% 0. 0% Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2010-2012, IPC analysis Note: Change represents year-on-year development from 2011 4 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Germany: macro environment Low unemployment and higher wages will lift economy in 2013 Economics †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ % 4% 2% 0% -2% -4% -6% 07 08 09 10 11 Infl ation 12 13 14 15 16 17 Trade Exports: â‚ ¬1,034,140. 5m (? 8. 0%) 1. France 9. 6% 2. United States 6. 9% 3. Netherlands 6. 4% 4. China 6. 1% 5. United Kingdom 6. 0% Machinery & transport equipment, chemicals and food, drink & tobacco Demographics †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Unemployment rate GDP, constant prices: â‚ ¬2,436,330m GDP, current prices: â‚ ¬2,570,080m GDP per capita: â‚ ¬29,729. 4 (? 3%) GDP per capita (PPP-adjusted): â‚ ¬25,756. 3 (? 0. %) GDP related to agriculture: 1% GDP related to industry: 26% (? 4 percentage points) GDP related to service: 73% (? 4 percentage points) 348,672 km2 81,770,000 inhabitants (? 0. 2%) 234. 5 inhabitants per km2 Median age: 44. 9 years (2nd) Corruption perception: 8. 0 (? 0. 1) 39. 9m households Broadband subscribers: 31. 6% Urban population: 73. 8% Employed population: 50. 2% Imports: â‚ ¬880,951. 0m (? 9. 7%) 1. Netherlands 12. 9% 2. France 7. 6% 3. China 7. 1% 4. Belgium 6. 2% 5. Italy 5. 4% Machinery & transport equipment, chemicals and mineral fuels & lubricants Real GDP growthEconomic outlook The German economy is expected to recover from a weak end to 2012 with growth from the first quarter of 2013. With exports projected to recover and retail sales experiencing a welcome recovery, estimated GDP growth ranges from 0. 6 to 1. 3% in 2013 (2014: 1. 5 to 2. 4%). Unemployment is currently at its lowest for two decades, with business facing a shortage of skilled labour. Pay increases of up to 6. 5% awarded in 2012 should bolster consumer sentiment through to 2014. The healthy outlook is expected to generate improved public finances, turning the federal budget deficit to surplus in 2013.Source: The economist – Pocket World in Figures 2012 Edition, IMF, Bloomberg, ITC Trade Map, CIA World Factbook, ITU, Transparency International, IPC analysis Note: Brackets represent year-on-year development from 2010 or world ranking 5 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Germany: market & consumers Increasing number of consumers purchasing online Logistics market (bn T-km) Inland waterways 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Financial services market (â‚ ¬bn) Road 9,000 -8% 8,000 7,000 6,000 -9% 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Assets, all banks +11% Commentary Rail 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 009 2010 2011 According to the latest available figures, while German road freight grew by only 1. 8% in 2010 to 313bn Tonnekilometres (T-km), rail and waterways each expanded by around 12% to 107 and 62bn T-km respectively. Bank-owned assets increased by 11% over the fiveyear period to â‚ ¬8. 46tn. Household consumption grew by 1. 5% in 2011 after correcting for inflation, fuelling a German retail market which has remained steady despite the crisis in the Eurozone. The proportion of surveyed consumers purchasing online grew by 6 percentage points (p. p. ) in 20 11 to 54%, and average growth since 2002 has been above 4 p. . Broadband penetration seems to be reaching a plateau, with an increase of half a p. p. in 2011. Consumption expenditure Private final consumption expenditure, growth 2. 0% Online purchasing habits Last online purchase in the last 3 months Last online purchase more than a year ago / never ordered 100% Digitisation Internet users Broadband subscribers 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1. 5% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1. 0% 0. 5% 0. 0% -0. 5% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Source: Eurostat, ITU, OECD, IPC analysis Note: T-km=Tonne-kilometres, representing the transport of one tonne of goods (including packaging and weight of transport units) over a distance of one kilometre. p. p. = percentage points 6 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Germany: corporates & media Newspaper ad market con tinues to decline but remains largest medium Forbes Global 2000 Media spend (â‚ ¬m) -4% Top 10 advertisers 1. Procter & Gamble Media-Saturn-Holding Ferrero Aldi Unilever L'Oreal Axel Springer Lidl Edeka 2010 2011 2012 +5% +27% 0% 2. 3. 4. 5,943 5,839 5,715 3,885 3,954 4,071 4,160Top 5 by revenue 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) 409 E. ON (Electric Utilities) 37 Daimler (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) 50 Allianz (Diversified Insurance) 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 3,465 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 3,488 3,461 Top 5 by profits 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 74 BASF (Diversified Chemicals) 37 Daimler (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) 61 BMW Group (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) Top 5 by market value 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 227 SAP (Software & Programming) 74 BASF (Diversified Chemicals) 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) 37 Daimler (Auto & Truck Manufacturers) 4% +10% 692 706 719 +8% 766 797 827 3,067 3,473 75 79 Cinema 82 10. Volk swagen Group Magazines Internet TV Newspapers Radio Outdoor Media review & outlook All digital media will gain share as they become more and more important for advertisers. The growth in the smartphone market and the implementation of full-video ads in websites will lead to increased budgets. Magazines and newspapers in particular will have a different position in the future as a lot of information and entertainment is provided by internet sites.Along with digital media, cinema, outdoor and TV helped to drive German ad market in 2012. Source: www. forbes. com/global2000, ZenithOptimedia Western Europe Market & Mediafact 2011, ZenithOptimedia Advertising Expenditure Forecasts December 2011, IPC analysis Note: Forbes Global 2000; numbers under top 5 represent global ranking 7 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Governance & strategy â€Å"The provider, investment and employer of choice in its market† www. dp-dhl. com Chairman of the Board Prof. Dr.Wulf vo n Schimmelmann Chairman 2009Born 1947 Other board positions: †¢ Accenture †¢ Thomson Reuters Chief Executive Officer Dr. Frank Appel CEO 2008Born 1961 Ownership 25. 5% state owned KfW Bank 74. 5% freely floating Organisation Previous positions: †¢ Managing Director, DP †¢ Partner, McKinsey Corporate Centre Deutsche Post DHL Vision & strategy Vision †¢ To remain The Post for Germany as well as The Logistics Company for the world Chairman of the Board of Management Dr. Frank Appel Finance, Global Business Services Lawrence Rosen Personnel Angela TitzrathStrategy †¢ Strong divisional focus: strategic priorities are individually set for the Mail, Express, Global Forwarding / Freight and Supply Chain divisions †¢ Group-wide initiatives: the new commercial organisation ‘Customer Solutions & Innovation' provides customers seeking solutions from across DHL divisions with easier access to services †¢ Unified corporate culture: corporate responsib ility initiatives under the motto of ‘Living Responsibility' focus on protecting the environment, disaster management and championing education Divisions Deutsche Post DHL Mail Jurgen Gerdes Express Ken AllenGlobal Forwarding, Freight Roger Crook Supply Chain Bruce Edwards Source: www. dp-dhl. com, Deutsche Post DHL annual report 2012 8 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Quarterly performance Q4 2012: Group revenue up 3% from Q4 2011; 7% increase for P Revenue and profitability +3% 15,000 14% 12% 10,000 5. 2% 5,000 4. 2% 4. 0% 10% 8% 4. 4% 4. 2% 6% 4% 2% 0 Q4 2011 Q1 2012 Q2 2012 EBIT margin Q3 2012 Q4 2012 0% Segment performance (â‚ ¬m) +3% +7% 8. 000 7. 000 6. 000 5. 000 4. 000 3. 000 2. 000 1. 000 0 Q4 2011 Mail Q1 2012 Parcels & Express Q2 2012 Logistics & Freight Q3 2012 Q4 2012 0%Total revenue, â‚ ¬m Volume Total international addressed mail Unaddressed admail 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Q4 2011 Q1 2012 Q2 2012 Q3 2012 Q4 2012 Addr essed admail Priority or standard mail -4% Parcels and Express volume Parcels and Express 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Q4 2011 Q1 2012 Q2 2012 Q3 2012 Q4 2012 +7% Commentary Consolidated revenue rose â‚ ¬451m (3. 2%) yearon-year to reach â‚ ¬14,577m in Q4 2012. EBIT margin remained steady compared to Q4 2011 but dipped slightly on the previous quarter. The Parcels & Express division saw robust revenue growth, up 7% year-on-year.The strong performance was attributable to a significant rise in volumes (see left). Logistics revenues also increased year-on-year, while Mail division revenue stabilised. Mail volumes were down 4% year-on-year, accelerated by divestments in the international mail segment (-19. 2%). Source: Deutsche Post-DHL annual and interim reports 2011-12, IPC analysis 9 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Corporate performance Higher revenues with continued increase in EBIT margin in 2012 Revenue and profitability 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20, 000 10,000 0 2008 Total revenue 2009 EBIT margin 2010 Net profit margin 2011 2012 -1. % -2. 2% 0. 5% 4. 9% 3. 4% 0. 5% 2. 3% 4. 4% 3. 1% -16% +11% +2% +5% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% -1% -2% -3% Cash flow 203 4. 6% 1,697 1,199 3,123 Beginning of period Cash flow Operating activities Investing activities Financing activities Segment information 2012 (2008) 2% (2%) 23% (25%) Share price development 2012 (2008) 20. 0 Commentary Consolidated revenue increased by 5. 1% to â‚ ¬55,512m in financial year 2012, with positive currency effects accounting for around two-thirds of this increase. The proportion of consolidated revenue generated abroad grew to 69. 7%,. Changes in the portfolio reduced revenue by â‚ ¬216m.At â‚ ¬2,665m, EBIT was 9. 4% up on the prior-year figure. Compared to 2008, Logistics and freight divisions have grown relative to other units and now generate 53% of consolidated revenue (Mail: 23%). In 2012 the Group’s share price outperformed the DAX for the second year running. 30% (31%) 15. 0 53% (50%) 22% (25%) 70% (69%) 10. 0 15,000 10,000 5,000 5. 0 Mail Parcels & express Logistics & freight Postal retail Domestic revenue International revenue 0. 0 1/1/01 1/1/03 1/3/05 1/2/07 1/2/09 1/3/11 0 1/1/13 Share price, â‚ ¬ Traded volume Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2008-2012, IPC analysis 0 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Business units Improved profitability for P and Logistics & freight Mail â€Å"Deutsche Post DHL is Europe’s largest postal company. It offers all types of products and services to both private and business customers, physical, hybrid and electronic letters and merchandise to special services such as cash on delivery and registered mail† Mail division Revenue in 2012 was on par with 2011, reaching â‚ ¬13,972m despite three fewer working days, which however had a noticeably negative impact on transactional mail.Strong results in the Parcel Germany unit (+9. 4%) balanced declines in transactional and addressed advertising mail. EBIT reached â‚ ¬1,051m, 5. 1 % below the prior-year figure, and was reduced by â‚ ¬151m as a result of an additional VAT payment demanded by the German tax authorities. Overall market share declined from 63. 7% to 62. 7%. Revenue, â‚ ¬m 15,000 EBIT margin -3% 20% 15% 10% 5,000 5% 0% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Parcels & express â€Å"In the Express division, Deutsche Post DHL transport urgent documents and goods reliably and on time from door to door.The network spans more than 220 countries and territories, in which some 100,000 employees provide services for more than 2. 6m customers† Express division Excluding currency effects and the impact of a certain divestments in 2011, revenue increased by 6. 8% to â‚ ¬12,378m in 2012, a result still below precrisis levels. EBIT for the Express division however rose to a new high, reaching â‚ ¬1,108m (a margin of 8. 7%). The result was driven by revenue growth in all regions as well as one-time effects connected to restructuring provisions in the United States.Business trend was particularly dynamic in the Americas region, with revenue up by 20. 6% to â‚ ¬2,276m in 2012. Revenue, â‚ ¬m 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 EBIT margin -6% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% -20% Logistics & freight â€Å"With a wide range of coverage and comprehensive offering for transporting freight by air, sea or land, DHL is one of the leading global freight and logistics companies. The Supply Chain business provide contract logistics solutions along the entire supply chain† Global forwarding/freight division Revenue grew by 3. % including positive currency effects of â‚ ¬507m. EBIT in the division improved due to high gross profit margins and constantly increasing efficiency. Supply chain division Increased EBIT was driven by improved contract portfolio management and cost efficiencies, compensating for mar gin pressure and costs associated with new customers. DHL is the leader in a fragmented market with a share of 7. 8%. Revenue, â‚ ¬m 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -5% 10% 5% 0% EBIT margin +8% 15% 10,000 0 Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2008-2012, IPC analysis 1 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Operations Year-on-year increase in P volume of almost 10% Mail volume International addressed mail Unaddressed admail 30. 000 25. 000 -12% 20. 000 15. 000 10. 000 5. 000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -7% Addressed admail Transactional mail Parcels & express volume +24% Commentary Transactional mail volumes fell by 3. 0% year-on-year with private customer volumes declining much more than business customer volumes. In the Dialogue Marketing business unit, total sales volumes declined slightly over the course of the year.Unaddressed advertising mail was up year-on-year, whilst addressed advertising mail declined. D ivestment of a bulk mail business in the Netherlands and domestic business in the UK resulted in a large drop in international mail volumes. The flourishing e-commerce business is the primary reason for this consistently strong growth in parcel volumes, up 9. 8% in 2012. By year-end, 42,8129 FTEs were employed in more than 220 countries and territories, 1. 1 % more than in 2011. The retail network was fully contracted and stable in 2011. 1. 000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 EmployeesAverage full-time equivalents -4% Employees per business unit 2012 (2008) 3% (3%) 0% +1% 34% (32%) 43% (40%) Retail network Wholly-owned retail outlets Contracted retail outlets +48% 20. 000 +1% 15. 000 0% 500. 000 400. 000 300. 000 -4% 10. 000 200. 000 100. 000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Mail Parcels & Express 20% (25%) Logistics & Freight Corporate 5. 000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2008-2012, IPC analysis 12 IPC Carrier Intelligence R eport – Deutsche Post DHL Human resources Significant increase in women in management since 2008 Part-time employees Average part-time employeesGender 2011 (2008) 2012 (2008) 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 -13% 18,5% (13. 5%) 36,7% (37. 7%) 63,3% (62. 3%) 81,5% (86. 5%) 2012 Women in total workforce Men in total workforce Women in management Men in management Absenteeism & staff turnover Staff turnover 2008 Absenteeism rate Satisfaction & engagement Employee satisfaction Commentary While the number of part-time employees employed by Deutsche-Post DHL has fallen by 13% since 2008, the proportion of women in the Group’s workforce dropped slightly over 2008-11 (the most recent data available).In terms of management, the company has seen an increase of five p. p. over the period, reaching 18. 5% in 2012. The company is committed to filling 25-30% of vacant management positions with women. Staff turnover fell significantly over 2009-11. Absenteeism continued to increase in 2012, reaching 7. 6%. Employee satisfaction has remained constant over the last three years. 2010 2009 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2008-2012, Deutsche Post DHL corporate social responsibility reports 2010-2011, IPC analysis 3 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Corporate responsibility Significant increase in the number of trainees hired Environmental responsibility â€Å"The primary focus of our environmental protection program GoGreen is to minimise our business operations’ greatest impact on the environment – CO2 emissions. We are also working to limit impacts where our business activities affect the environment in other ways† By the year 2020, the Group intends to improve the CO2 efficiency of own operations (Scope 1 & 2) and those of subcontractors (Scope 3) by 30% compared with 2007.In 2012, Scope 1 & 2 CO2 emissions were approximately 5. 4m tonnes (previous year: 5. 3m). Direct CO2 emissions rose slightly mainly due to the increased demand for air transport. Scope 3 emissions data for 2012 will be available upon the release of the CSR report in April 2013. CO2 emissions (t) CO2 emissions, scope 1&2 6,000,000 +31% 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 +6% +2%Financial responsibility â€Å"We aim to strike a balance between our economic goals and society’s requirements by putting our experience and global presence to good use to help people and the environment† Net asset base (operating assets-operating liabilities) increased by â‚ ¬1,122m to â‚ ¬15,478m in 2012 due, in part, to the Group’s investments in software and IT systems and the purchase of freight aircraft as well as replacement and expansion investments in warehouses, sorting systems and vehicle fleet. A 42. 2% increase in net working capital was mainly attributable to the decline in liabilities and other items. Revenue per employee grew by 4% YOY.Employee value creation Revenue per employee +15% 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -12% +2% +4% Social responsibility â€Å"Bundled under the motto â€Å"Living Responsibility†, our efforts focus on three areas: environmental protection (GoGreen), disaster management (GoHelp) and championing education (GoTeach)† Deutsche Post DHL aims to actively promote the diversity of its workforce and attract a wide range of applicants. Measures to improve work-life balance available to employees in Germany include support services such as back-up childcare facilities for last-minute and emergency childcare.In 2011 more than 75% of trainees were offered continued employment. The number of trainees has increased by 31% since 2008. Trainee headcount Trainees 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2008-2012, Deutsche Post DHL corporate social responsibility reports 2010-2011, IPC analysis 14 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Acquisitions & divestments 2009- Acquisitions Year 2012 Company LuftfrachtsicherheitService GmbH Exel Saudia LLC All you need GmbH 2SFG Tag Belgium SA CC DE Sector Logistics DivestmentsYear 2012 Company Deutsche Postbank Group (remaining shares) DHL Express Canada Exel Transportation Services Inc. Exel Transportation Services Inc. Innogistics LLC Exel Delamode Logistics SRL Fulfilment Plus GmbH 4C Associates Ltd. DHL Container Logistics UK Ltd. Global Mail Services SAS Deutsche Postbank Group CC DE Sector Regional Focus: Acquisitions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Region 4 3 3 3 Bank Germany US Rest of world 2012 2012 2012 2012 SA DE UK BE Logistics 2011 Mail Logistics Logistics 2011 CA Logistics CA Parcels Europe Business focus: Acquisitions US Logistics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 2011 2012 20 11 2011 2011 intelliAd Media GmbH Adcloud GmbH Eurodifarm srl. Standard Forwarding llc Tag EquityCo Limited LifeConEx llc Post Logistics Australasia Polar Air Cargo Worldwide, Inc. DE DE IT US Information Information Logistics Logistics 2010 2010 US RO Logistics Logistics Area 1 10 2 Mail Information Financial services Other 2010 2009 2009 DE UK UK Warehouse Consulting Parcels & Express Logistics 2011 KY Logistics Effect on cash flow (â‚ ¬m) Shipping 100 2011 2011 US AU Logistics Logistics 2009 FR Mail 50 0 -50 -100 2010 Acquisitions 2011 Divestments 2012 009 US Logistics 2009 DE Bank Source: Deutsche Post DHL annual reports 2009-2012, IPC analysis Note: CC (country code) 15 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Product launches Innovations in parcels, freight forwarding and e-document management DHL Easy Return Product category Parcel return Description DHL Easy Return is a new parcel product introduced in September 2012 by DHL Global Mail, the DHL unit resp onsible for international mail and B2C parcels. Features includes software to create return labels via a web portal and Track & Trace functionalities.Retailers can now manage return volumes from almost all EU countries via a standardized process. Target group Retailers Read more Door-to-more Product category Freight forwarding Description In June 2012, DHL Global Forwarding, Freight, the air and sea freight specialist within Deutsche Post DHL, launched an intercontinental door-to-door distribution service from Asia-Pacific to Europe. Door-ToMore combines DHL's intercontinental air freight transportation capabilities with its European ground distribution network. Target group Suppliers Read more DHL Packstation mTANProduct category Parcel collection / security Description DHL Paket Deutschland introduced the mobile Transaction Number (mTAN) In October 2012 at all of its 2,500 parcel machines across Germany. The mTAN will allow users to pick up their items using a temporary code sent directly to their mobile, replacing the existing PIN code. Target group Parcel customers Read more DocWallet Product category E-document management Description Tablets and smartphones have become a fixture of modern life, being used more and more by people in their jobs. But until now, integrating mobile devices into a company's IT system has posed a security challenge.The DocWallet app is Deutsche Post's solution to this problem. Target group Business users Read more Source: www. dp-dhl. com Note: Where no English language webpage exists, hyperlinks above link to external translation. 16 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Key press releases 2012- 2013 Quarter 2 †¢ Manages vending machines in Switzerland Quarter 1 †¢ Improves flexibility for road freight services through mobile solution †¢ GoGreen carbon neutral feature added to DHL Express Envelope shipping option †¢ Improves carbon footprint with new multimodal service 012 Quarter 4 â₠¬ ¢ Deutsche Post and ADAC reviewing possible entry into German long-distance bus market †¢ DocWallet – The secure documents manager for the iPad †¢ First mechanized delivery site now running †¢ Issues three bonds worth a total of EUR 2. 0 billion †¢ Current level of globalisation still lower than precrisis peak †¢ Switches to Fitch Ratings †¢ Simplified authorization and more security for DHL PackstationQuarter 3 †¢ Razorfish to develop digital strategy †¢ Postal rates for 2013 approved †¢ Opens Energy Center in Houston, Texas †¢ Express unit announces annual general price increase for 2013 †¢ Launches European return service for online retailers †¢ Proposes rate increase for letters for 2013 †¢ DHL now delivering parcels to customer's outlet of choice in Germany †¢ 400 million euros invested in letter mail network †¢ DHL marks the start of a unique City Logistics project in China †¢ Acquires onl ine marketing specialist intelliAd †¢ Launches MyDHL to enhance customer experience †¢ DHL Vision Suite opened up at DHL Innovation Center †¢ Completes Postbank transaction †¢ Angela Titzrath to become Deutsche Post DHL's Board Member for Personnel †¢ State aid ruling of European Commission will not affect net profit Source: www. dp-dhl. com 17 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Key press releases 20112011 Quarter 4 †¢ Pay online with giropay – now available at DHL Checkout †¢ EU Commission praises SEPA migration in Germany †¢ Appoints new COO for DHL Global Forwarding †¢ Appoints new CEO for DHL Freight †¢ International award for Sustainability Report †¢ Cooperation with IBM on E-Postbrief †¢ Appoints new CCO for DHL 012 Quarter 2 †¢ Introduces new recall solution for the automotive industry †¢ Introduces new multi-modal solution from Asia to Europe †¢ German financial authorit ies decide on VAT payment †¢ Federal government demand for repayment of state aid set at EUR298 million †¢ European letter price survey for 2012: Standard letter in Germany still inexpensive compared to 29 other countries †¢ Corporate Responsibility Report 2011: improves CO2 efficiency index by two index points Quarter 1 †¢ DHL Vision Suite opened up at DHL Innovation Center †¢ Completes Postbank transaction †¢ Angela Titzrath to become Deutsche Post DHL's Board Member for Personnel †¢ State aid ruling of European Commission will not affect net profit Quarter 2 †¢ DHL expands service for the pharmaceutical sector †¢ European letter price survey for 2011 †¢ Roger Crook follows Hermann Ude as Board Member for DHL Global Forwarding, Freight †¢ DHL wins EUR 10. 6 million deal with KPMG and expands Singapore Aerospace Hub Quarter 1 †¢ European Enterprise Award for Deutsche Post DHL †¢ DHL Express with quality certification for all European and U. S. facilities †¢ Dedication to global data protection is a successQuarter 3 †¢ DHL acquires 100 per cent ownership of LifeConEx †¢ Extends board member mandate of CFO Rosen for another five years †¢ E-Postbrief to become part of Europe's largest corporate network †¢ Williams Lea acquires the world's largest independent marketing execution and production agency, Tag †¢ DHL provides CO2-neutral transport for all private customer parcels throughout Germany Source: www. dp-dhl. com 18 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL Outlook & targets 2012- Outlook Strategic targets Deutsche Post DHL expects consolidated EBIT to reach between â‚ ¬2. 72. 95bn in financial year 2013, assuming the world economy and trade grows by approximately 3% and the economy picks up momentum as the year progresses The mail division is expected to contribute between â‚ ¬1. 1-1. 2bn to consolidated EBIT. Compared with the previous year , an additional improvement in overall earnings to between â‚ ¬2-2. 15bn in the DHL divisions is forecastUnder the direction of new Board Member for Human Resources, Angela Titzrath, the Group will aim to develop a global HR management system under the â€Å"One HR† programme The Group aims to maintain and improve its presence and growth potential in the emerging Economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China and Mexico (BRIC + M). The Group’s Board of Management receives regular updates on business performance in these countries In 2013 the Group plans to invest a maximum of â‚ ¬1. 8bn. In the coming years, the figure is expected to fall back to a normal level. The focus will continue to be on IT, machinery, transport equipment and aircraft. Crossdivisional capital expenditure is expected to decrease slightly in 2013.Investments will again be centred on our vehicle fleet and IT Finance: Group strategy calls for paying out 40 to 60% of net profits as dividends as a ge neral rule. At the AGM on 29 May 2013, a â‚ ¬0. 70 dividend per share proposal for financial year 2012 will be put to shareholders On 6 September 2012, KfW sold 60 million Deutsche Post shares. This was the first placement since 2006 and it reduced KfW’s stake to 25. 5%; free float increased to 74. 5% The German Federal Network Agency approved Deutsche Post’s request for an adjustment in postage rates for 2013. The price for a standard domestic letter weighing up to 20g rose from â‚ ¬0. 55 to â‚ ¬0. 58 on 1 January 2013 Source: www. dp-dhl. com, Deutsche Post DHL annual report 2012 19 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHLInternational Post Corporation â€Å"The Leader for Postal Industry Intelligence and Research† To be successful in the postal industry today, strategic decisions must be based on relevant and time-critical business intelligence. With a team of experienced managers and analysts specialising in industry intelligence a nd research, IPC is able to provide essential knowledge on trends affecting the strategic direction of the postal industry. IPC Carrier Intelligence reports provide critical intelligence on the business performance and strategies of 40 leading global postal and logistics operators. These reports can be downloaded from the Market Intelligence section at www. ipc. be. A range of member-only publications and online tools can be accessed by individuals working for IPC members. These include:Statistical Database An online tool allowing members to generate statistical reports according to a variety of criteria, including macro economic, market, postal financial and operational data Global Postal Industry Report An industry benchmark report providing a holistic and in-depth review and analysis of industry performance Focus on the Future Report A publically available IPC and BCG joint-publication that takes a detailed and in-depth look at the future prospects of the postal sector IPC Market Intelligence Global Monitor A quarterly report presenting detailed and up-to-date confidential information on domestic and international postal volume and revenue trends If you work for an IPC member and you are not already registered, please visit the member login page at our website. 20 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report – Deutsche Post DHL International Post Corporation Avenue du Bourget 44 1130 Brussels, Belgium Tel +32 (0)2 724 72 11 Fax +32 (0)2 724 72 32 www. ipc. be  © IPC 2013 Further IPC Carrier Intelligence Reports available at www. ipc. be